Why airlines are still fighting 5G

Why airlines are still fighting 5G
by Ryan Clancy, electronics360.globalspec.com, 8 June 2023

As 5G networks become increasingly available for Americans, some airlines are pushing back against the rollouts from major communication companies like AT&T and Verizon. The reason? Airlines are concerned that the C-Band frequencies ranging from 3.7 GHz to 3.98 GHz used by both companies may impact their radio altimeters, which are instruments crucial to safe navigation and landing of planes.

(Photo): The C-band frequencies ranging from 3.7 GHz to 3.98 GHz used by telecoms may impact radio altimeters in planes causing many airlines to be hesitant to adopt 5G technologies. Source: steheap/AdobeStock

The radio altimeter, or altitude-measuring device, is a key part of an aircraft's navigation system that helps pilots determine the distance between the plane and land below. This information is relayed to ground control systems which then help guide the plane safely during takeoff and landing. Airlines are worried that 5G frequencies will interfere with their radio altimeters, resulting in inaccurate readings that could prove dangerous for flights and passengers.

What are the issues?

The problem with the C-band segment of the radio spectrum is that it operates at frequencies which are dangerously close to those used by air traffic controllers and navigators. This could potentially interfere with aviation signals, leading to an increased risk of accidents and disruption of flights. Additionally, some of these frequencies are in use as part of existing commercial radio networks, meaning they may be harder to repurpose for 5G use without causing interference issues.

To address this issue, several solutions have been proposed, including mobile network operators switching off certain cell towers during peak periods, or using directional antennas that point their signal away from airspace. However, both approaches come with drawbacks, for instance, shutting down cell towers can affect coverage and reliability in each area, while directional antennas require careful alignment and can be costly to install.

In addition, there are raised concerns about the potential health effects of 5G radiation on aircraft personnel and passengers. While no evidence exists that 5G technology poses any risk to human health, some people are concerned about the potential for radio waves emitted by mobile networks to interfere with aircraft navigation systems or communication systems.

At present, these issues remain unresolved and further study is needed to determine the best way forward. In the meantime, both telecom providers and aviation authorities will need to work together to ensure that any potential risks associated with 5G technology can be minimized.

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